Overview
Breath testing is a simple, noninvasive diagnostic tool used to detect certain digestive conditions. It measures gases produced by bacteria in the gut after you consume a test substance. Elevated levels of hydrogen or methane in exhaled breath can indicate an inability to digest certain sugars or an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine.
Types of Breath Tests
- Lactose intolerance test: Measures hydrogen levels after you drink a lactose solution. A rise in breath hydrogen suggests that lactose is not being properly absorbed and is instead fermented by intestinal bacteria.
- Fructose intolerance test: Similar to the lactose test but uses fructose.
- Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) test: After ingesting a sugar solution (typically lactulose or glucose), breath samples are collected at intervals. Elevated hydrogen or methane indicates bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine.
- Helicobacter pylori breath test: Detects urease activity from H. pylori, a bacterium associated with gastritis and ulcers.
Preparation and Procedure
Preparation varies depending on the test but often requires fasting and avoiding certain foods and antibiotics beforehand. During the test, you breathe into a series of collection bags or tubes over a few hours. The samples are analyzed to determine if gas production is abnormally high.
Importance
Breath testing helps diagnose conditions that may not be evident on routine blood tests or imaging. Identifying lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption, SIBO, or H. pylori infection allows for targeted dietary changes or medical treatments.
Our clinic offers a range of breath tests with guidance on interpreting results and managing your condition.